Lead Paint Encapsulation vs Removal: Which Is Right in NYC?
Encapsulation seals lead paint under a special coating. Removal takes the paint or the painted part out completely. Encapsulation usually costs less and is faster, but it only works on stable surfaces that do not rub or get hit, such as walls and ceilings. Doors, windows, sills, and floors usually need removal or replacement.
Encapsulation: lower cost, faster, less dust, but needs ongoing checks and fails on peeling or friction surfaces. Removal or replacement: higher cost and more prep, but it is a permanent fix and is best for windows, doors, and stair treads. Enclosure, which covers a surface with drywall or panels, is a third option for large walls.
The existing paint is firmly attached and not peeling. The surface is not a friction or impact surface. You can recheck the coating each year. The product is rated for lead encapsulation and applied to the maker's specs.
Old windows that grind paint when opened. Door jambs and edges that rub. Floors and stair treads. Surfaces where paint is already failing. NYC Local Law 1 also requires friction surfaces on doors and windows to be made lead-safe when an apartment turns over to a new tenant.
Both can, as long as the work uses lead-safe methods by EPA-certified workers and the area passes a clearance dust wipe test. The owner then certifies the correction. See HPD Certificate of Correction and lead dust wipe testing.
For a full price breakdown, read lead paint removal cost. For a quote on your specific apartment, get a free estimate.